Health Literacy among Older Adults: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Analysis in Vietnam

Journal: Journal of Health Literacy, WoS-ESCI, Q3
Author: Trần Thị Mỹ, Hoàng Thị Hiền, Lại Thị Hà, Võ Lê Thanh Thủy, Nguyễn Thị Ngọc Trinh, Mai Thị Bích Huyền, Đỗ Thị Thùy Minh, Trần Công Huyền Trang - Khoa Điều dưỡng Hộ sinh - Trường Đại học Đông Á

Abstract:

Background and Objectives: Adequate Health Literacy is particularly important for older adults, who often face complex healthcare needs. The objective of this study was to evaluate the Health Literacy levels of older adults in Da Nang city, located in central Vietnam.

Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 204 Vietnamese older adults living in Da Nang City, using convenience sampling. Health Literacy was measured using a validated Vietnamese version of the Short-Form Health Literacy Questionnaire, which evaluates four dimensions: healthcare, disease prevention, health promotion, and general Health Literacy. Statistical analysis was performed using multiple logistic regression, with variables achieving a p-value below 0.05 considered statistically significant.

Results:  Overall, 60.3% of participants exhibited inadequate general Health Literacy, while only 39.7% demonstrated sufficient levels. Urban residents had 2.4 times higher Health Literacy levels than rural counterparts (AOR= 2.4, 95% CI: 1.06-5.44). Education was a strong determinant, with participants who completed secondary-high school (AOR= 3.35, 95% CI: 1.42-7.91) and upper high school (AOR= 7.75, 95% CI: 2.84-21.11) showing higher Health Literacy compared to those with primary or lower education.

Conclusion: This study provides valuable insights into the Health Literacy levels of Vietnamese older adults in central Vietnam. The findings underscore the urgent need for health education programs to enhance Health Literacy, particularly targeting rural populations and individuals with low educational attainment. 

Keywords: Elderly, Health Literacy, Older Adults, Related Factors

DOI: https://doi.org/10.22038/jhl.2025.82477.1632